Thai Local Chicken Breeds, Chee Fah and Fah Luang, Originated from Chinese Black-Boned Chicken with Introgression of Red Junglefowl and Domestic Chicken Breeds

Knowledge of the genetic characteristics, origin, and local adaptation chickens is essential to identify traits required for chicken breeding programs. Chee Fah Luang are black-boned breeds reared in Chiang Rai, Thailand. Chickens an important part economy socio-culture; however, diversity, origins these two have been poorly studied. Here, we investigated gene pool, origin using mitochondrial DNA D-loop (mtDNA D-loop) sequencing microsatellite genotyping, as well habitat suitability analysis maximum entropy modeling. The MtDNA genotype analyses indicated that shared haplogroups A, B, CD with Chinese chickens. Gene pool revealed distinct patterns compared Thai domestic red junglefowl. Some pools junglefowl other were observed within structures, suggesting exchange. data indicate originated from indigenous experienced crossbreeding/hybridization introgression during domestication. Interestingly, Rai same allelic which was not Mae Hong Son, at least populations. Alternatively, different localities might be caused by differences environmental factors, especially elevation.